Day 7：品詞問題 実戦演習② ― 紛らわしい選択肢を見抜く

なぜやるか

Day 6で品詞問題のパターンを総動員して解く練習をしました。

今日は紛らわしい品詞の見分け方に特化します。

500〜600点レベルで特に迷いやすいのが、次の3つです。

1. 名詞と動名詞：どちらも -ing で終わることがある
2. 形容詞と過去分詞：どちらも名詞の前に置ける
3. 名詞が2つあるとき：品詞だけでは決められない → 意味で判断する

この3つの見分け方を身につければ、品詞問題でほぼ迷わなくなります。

本編

① 名詞と動名詞の違い

-ing 形が選択肢に出てきたら、名詞なのか動名詞なのかを判断する必要があります。

見分けるコツ：後ろに目的語（名詞）が続いていたら動名詞。冠詞や形容詞がついていたら名詞。

② 形容詞と過去分詞の違い

過去分詞（-ed）は形容詞として名詞の前に置けます。選択肢に「形容詞」と「過去分詞」の両方があるときは、意味で判断します。

見分けるコツ：TOEIC Part 5の品詞問題では、形容詞と過去分詞が同時に選択肢に並ぶことは少ない。空欄が「名詞の前」か「be動詞の後ろ」かを見て、形容詞の位置なら形容詞を選ぶ。

③ 名詞が2つあるとき ― 意味で判断

品詞問題で最も差がつくのがこのパターンです。

The _____ of the new system exceeded expectations.

(A) perform （動詞）
(B) performance （名詞：業績）
(C) performer （名詞：実行者）
(D) performing （動名詞）

The _____ of → 名詞が入る。しかし (B) performance と (C) performer の両方が名詞。

→ 意味で判断する。「新しいシステムの業績が期待を上回った」→ (B) performance

名詞が2つあるときの手順：
1. まず品詞で絞る（名詞が入る位置か確認）
2. 残った名詞の意味を比較する
3. 文の意味に合うほうを選ぶ

やり方

確認問題（40問）

Section A｜紛らわしい品詞を判定する（基礎）目安15分・1問90秒

空欄に入る最も適切な語を(A)〜(D)から選んでください。

Q1. The _____ of the new employee orientation will take place on Monday.

(A) open
(B) opening
(C) openly
(D) opened

Q2. The hiring manager reviewed all _____ before scheduling interviews.

(A) apply
(B) applicable
(C) applications
(D) applicably

Q3. The position requires someone with _____ experience in marketing.

(A) profession
(B) professional
(C) professionally
(D) professionalism

Q4. The workshop on leadership skills was attended by _____ 50 employees.

(A) approximate
(B) approximately
(C) approximation
(D) approximated

Q5. Ms. Rodriguez has demonstrated an _____ ability to lead cross-functional teams.

(A) outstand
(B) outstanding
(C) outstandingly
(D) outstood

Q6. The promotion was announced _____ at the company-wide meeting.

(A) formal
(B) formally
(C) formality
(D) formalize

Q7. The _____ for the senior manager position will be announced next week.

(A) nominate
(B) nomination
(C) nominated
(D) nominating

Q8. The performance review revealed that Mr. Tanaka is a _____ valued member of the team.

(A) high
(B) highly
(C) height
(D) heighten

Q9. The company plans to _____ several experienced engineers for the new project.

(A) recruitment
(B) recruit
(C) recruiter
(D) recruiting

Q10. The _____ committee selected three candidates from a pool of twenty applicants.

(A) evaluate
(B) evaluation
(C) evaluative
(D) evaluator

Section B｜品詞問題・人事・採用テーマ（混合）目安20分・1問80秒

空欄に入る最も適切な語を(A)〜(D)から選んでください。

Q11. The human resources department is currently _____ applications for the open position.

(A) accept
(B) acceptable
(C) accepting
(D) acceptance

Q12. All new hires are required to attend a _____ orientation session.

(A) comprehend
(B) comprehensive
(C) comprehensively
(D) comprehension

Q13. The _____ of the new branch manager will be finalized by the end of this month.

(A) appoint
(B) appointee
(C) appointment
(D) appointed

Q14. Employees who wish to retire early should _____ the HR department at least six months in advance.

(A) notification
(B) noticeably
(C) noticeable
(D) notify

Q15. The candidate’s résumé showed _____ work experience in the financial sector.

(A) extend
(B) extension
(C) extensively
(D) extensive

Q16. The company _____ promotes from within, giving current employees priority for senior roles.

(A) frequent
(B) frequented
(C) frequency
(D) frequently

Q17. All personnel files must be kept in a _____ location to protect employee privacy.

(A) security
(B) securing
(C) securely
(D) secure

Q18. Mr. Park received a _____ for his outstanding performance during the quarterly review.

(A) recommend
(B) recommending
(C) recommended
(D) recommendation

Q19. The supervisor asked the team to _____ the project by the end of the fiscal year.

(A) completion
(B) completed
(C) completely
(D) complete

Q20. The _____ of new employees has been steadily increasing due to the company’s rapid expansion.

(A) employ
(B) employable
(C) employed
(D) employment

Q21. The training workshop was _____ designed to improve communication skills among colleagues.

(A) specific
(B) specify
(C) specification
(D) specifically

Q22. The new workplace policy aims to create a more _____ environment for all staff members.

(A) support
(B) supporter
(C) supportively
(D) supportive

Q23. The HR director _____ evaluates department heads to identify areas for improvement.

(A) period
(B) periodic
(C) periodically
(D) periodical

Q24. Each candidate must provide at least two _____ from previous employers.

(A) refer
(B) reference
(C) references
(D) referencing

Q25. The company has a _____ reward system that recognizes top performers each quarter.

(A) generosity
(B) generosities
(C) generously
(D) generous

Section C｜品詞問題・実戦レベル（混合）目安25分・1問100秒

Q26. The company’s _____ to expand into international markets has been approved by the board.

(A) propose
(B) proposed
(C) proposal
(D) proposing

Q27. The hiring process was _____ redesigned to attract a more diverse pool of candidates.

(A) complete
(B) completion
(C) completely
(D) completed

Q28. Employees should demonstrate _____ behavior at all times when representing the company.

(A) professional
(B) profession
(C) professionally
(D) professionalism

Q29. The _____ of the employee satisfaction survey will be presented at the next board meeting.

(A) findings
(B) find
(C) finding
(D) found

Q30. All members of the payroll department are _____ trained in data privacy regulations.

(A) thoroughly
(B) thorough
(C) thoroughness
(D) thoroughgoing

Q31. The manager’s _____ of the situation helped the team resolve the issue quickly.

(A) assess
(B) assessable
(C) assessment
(D) assessed

Q32. The company will hold an _____ meeting to discuss the proposed changes to the employee benefit plan.

(A) informational
(B) inform
(C) informatively
(D) information

Q33. Due to her _____ performance, Ms. Kim was promoted to the position of regional manager.

(A) exceptional
(B) exception
(C) exceptionally
(D) except

Q34. The workshop provided participants with _____ knowledge of the new software system.

(A) practical
(B) practice
(C) practically
(D) practitioner

Q35. The company has _____ expanded its workforce by hiring over 200 new employees this year.

(A) significantly
(B) significant
(C) significance
(D) signify

Q36. The _____ of qualified candidates made the selection process challenging for the hiring committee.

(A) scarce
(B) scarcely
(C) scarcity
(D) scarcer

Q37. New employees must _____ a background check before their start date.

(A) complete
(B) completion
(C) completely
(D) completed

Q38. The annual performance reviews are _____ conducted during the first quarter of each fiscal year.

(A) typically
(B) typical
(C) typicality
(D) typify

Q39. The company offers _____ working hours to help employees balance their professional and personal lives.

(A) flexible
(B) flex
(C) flexibly
(D) flexibility

Q40. The _____ for the managerial position requires a minimum of five years of relevant experience.

(A) qualify
(B) qualified
(C) qualification
(D) qualitatively

今日の重要語（10語）

Day 7 まとめ

今日のチェックリスト

• [ ] 名詞と動名詞の違いを理解した（冠詞がつく → 名詞、目的語を取る → 動名詞）
• [ ] 形容詞と過去分詞の違いを理解した（名詞の前・be動詞の後ろ → 形容詞の位置）
• [ ] 名詞が2つあるときは意味で判断することを覚えた
• [ ] 人事・採用テーマの語彙（hire, recruit, promote, evaluate など）を押さえた

今日の重要単語（36語）

以下の単語を「英語→意味」の順で5回以上高速で繰り返してください。

明日の予告

Day 8では動詞問題に入ります。品詞問題の次にPart 5で多いのが「時制・態・主述の一致」を問う動詞問題です。選択肢に同じ動詞の活用形が並んでいたら動詞問題。解き方は品詞問題とは少し違いますが、パターンを知っていれば素早く解けます。

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