Day 22:Part 4 先読み訓練 ― 説明文問題の攻略法
なぜやるか
Day 21ではPart 3(会話問題)の先読み訓練を行いました。
今日はPart 4(説明文問題)に取り組みます。
Part 4はリスニング全100問のうち30問を占める大きなパートです。Part 3と合わせると69問。この2つのパートで得点できれば、リスニングスコアは大きく伸びます。
Part 4が難しく感じる原因は「1人のトークが長い」こと。会話と違って話者が1人なので、聞き逃すと手がかりがなくなります。
しかし、Part 3で学んだ「先読み」はPart 4でもそのまま使えます。むしろ話者が1人な分、情報の整理がしやすく、先読みの効果がより発揮されます。
今日はテキスト形式で、先読み → トーク文を読む → 設問に答える、という流れを練習します。
本編
Part 4の形式
| 項目 | 内容 |
|---|---|
| 問題数 | 30問(10セット × 3問) |
| 形式 | 1人のトーク + 設問3問 |
| 選択肢 | (A)〜(D)の4択 |
| トークの長さ | 約30秒〜1分 |
頻出トークタイプ
| トークタイプ | 内容 | よく出る設問 |
|---|---|---|
| 電話メッセージ | 留守番電話、問い合わせへの返答 | 電話の目的、依頼内容 |
| アナウンス | 社内放送、空港・駅の案内 | 何が発表されたか、聞き手への指示 |
| スピーチ | 表彰式、歓迎会、送別会 | スピーチの目的、紹介されている人物 |
| 広告 | 商品・サービスの宣伝 | 何が宣伝されているか、特典 |
| ニュース・天気 | 報道、交通情報、天気予報 | 何が報じられているか、予測 |
先読みのやり方(Part 3と同じ)
| ステップ | やること | タイミング |
|---|---|---|
| ① | 設問と選択肢を先に読む | トークが流れる前の約8秒 |
| ② | 「何を聞くべきか」をメモする | ①と同時に |
| ③ | トークを聞きながら答えを探す | トーク中 |
| ④ | トークが終わったらすぐマークする | トーク直後 |
Part 3との違い:
– 話者が1人なので「誰が言ったか」を区別する必要がない
– トークの冒頭で場面・目的がわかることが多い
– 「聞き手に何を求めているか」を聞く問題が多い
頻出設問パターン
| 設問パターン | 聞くべきポイント |
|---|---|
| What is the purpose of the talk? | トークの冒頭 |
| What is announced? | 発表・告知の内容 |
| What are listeners asked to do? | 依頼・指示の部分 |
| Who is the speaker? | 話者の職業・立場 |
| Where is the announcement being made? | 場面を示すキーワード |
| What will happen next? | トークの最後 |
やり方
| 順番 | 内容 | 目安時間 |
|---|---|---|
| ① | 上の本編を読んで、Part 4の形式と先読みの方法を理解する | 10分 |
| ② | Section A(Q1〜10):短いトーク + 設問1問 | 15分(1問90秒) |
| ③ | Section B(Q11〜25):トーク + 設問2〜3問 | 20分(1問80秒) |
| ④ | Section C(Q26〜40):やや長いトーク + 設問3問 | 25分(1問100秒) |
| ⑤ | 答え合わせ。トークタイプごとの正答率を確認する | 5分 |
確認問題(40問)
練習の進め方:各トーク文を読む前に、まず設問だけを先に読んでください。「何を聞くべきか」を把握してからトーク文を読みましょう。
Section A|短いトーク + 設問1問 目安15分・1問90秒
【トーク 1】 🔊
Q1. What is announced?
(A) A new parking policy
(B) A temporary closure of the parking lot
(C) An increase in parking fees
(D) The opening of a new parking garage
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
Good morning, everyone. I’d like to announce that the company parking lot will be closed for repairs starting next Monday. During the construction period, please use the public parking garage on Fifth Street. The company will cover the parking fees.
正解:(B) A temporary closure of the parking lot
the company parking lot will be closed for repairs = 駐車場が修理のため閉鎖。
【トーク 2】 🔊
Q2. What type of message is this?
(A) A voicemail from a doctor
(B) An automated phone message
(C) A radio advertisement
(D) A news broadcast
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
Thank you for calling Greenfield Dental Clinic. Our office hours are Monday through Friday, nine A.M. to six P.M. If you’d like to schedule an appointment, please press one. For all other inquiries, please press two.
正解:(B) An automated phone message
Thank you for calling … please press one = 電話の自動応答メッセージ。
【トーク 3】 🔊
Q3. What are listeners told about?
(A) A store closure
(B) A discount on electronics
(C) A new product launch
(D) A change in store hours
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
Attention, shoppers. We are pleased to announce a special sale in our electronics department. All household appliances are now 30 percent off. This offer is valid until the end of the day, so don’t miss out.
正解:(B) A discount on electronics
All household appliances are now 30 percent off = 家電製品が30%オフ。
【トーク 4】 🔊
Q4. Why is the speaker calling?
(A) To offer a new membership plan
(B) To remind about an expiring membership
(C) To confirm a class reservation
(D) To report a schedule change
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
Hi, this is Karen from Riverside Fitness Club. I’m calling to let you know that your membership will expire at the end of this month. If you’d like to renew it, please visit our front desk or call us back at 555-0142.
正解:(B) To remind about an expiring membership
your membership will expire at the end of this month = 会員資格が今月末に切れる。
【トーク 5】 🔊
Q5. What are listeners advised to do?
(A) Stay indoors
(B) Dress warmly
(C) Allow extra time for commuting
(D) Avoid driving altogether
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
Good evening. Here is tonight’s weather forecast. Temperatures will drop to near freezing overnight, and we can expect light snow in the morning. Drivers are advised to allow extra time for their morning commute.
正解:(C) Allow extra time for commuting
Drivers are advised to allow extra time for their morning commute.
【トーク 6】 🔊
Q6. What is the purpose of the talk?
(A) To present research results
(B) To introduce a guest speaker
(C) To announce a new project
(D) To welcome new employees
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
I’m honored to introduce tonight’s guest speaker, Dr. Emily Chen. Dr. Chen has achieved remarkable success in the field of environmental science. She will be speaking about the latest findings on climate change and its impact on agriculture.
正解:(B) To introduce a guest speaker
I’m honored to introduce tonight’s guest speaker = ゲストスピーカーの紹介。
【トーク 7】 🔊
Q7. What has happened to Flight 472?
(A) It has been canceled.
(B) It has been delayed.
(C) It has been rerouted.
(D) It has departed early.
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
Attention, all passengers. Flight 472 to Singapore has been delayed due to severe weather conditions. The new departure time is 3:15 P.M. We apologize for the inconvenience and ask that you remain in the terminal.
正解:(B) It has been delayed.
Flight 472 to Singapore has been delayed = フライト472は遅延。
【トーク 8】 🔊
Q8. What are listeners asked to do?
(A) Attend a training session
(B) Submit quarterly reports by Friday
(C) Prepare for a client meeting
(D) Update the company database
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
Good morning, team. Before we begin today’s meeting, I’d like to remind everyone that the deadline for submitting your quarterly reports is this Friday. Please make sure to include all the relevant data and have your supervisor review it before submission.
正解:(B) Submit quarterly reports by Friday
the deadline for submitting your quarterly reports is this Friday = 四半期報告書の提出期限は今週金曜日。
【トーク 9】 🔊
Q9. What is being advertised?
(A) A storage facility
(B) A moving company
(C) A cleaning service
(D) A real estate agency
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
Are you looking for a reliable moving company? At Swift Movers, we offer competitive rates and secure handling of your belongings. Call us today at 555-0198 for a free estimate, and mention this ad to receive a 10 percent discount.
正解:(B) A moving company
Are you looking for a reliable moving company? = 信頼できる引越し会社をお探しですか?
【トーク 10】 🔊
Q10. What are staff members asked to do by Wednesday?
(A) Purchase tickets for the event
(B) Confirm their attendance
(C) Submit a menu preference
(D) Reserve a hotel room
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
This is a reminder for all staff. The annual company banquet will be held on Saturday, December 14th, at the Grand Hotel. The event will start at six P.M. Please let the front desk know by Wednesday if you plan to attend so we can confirm the number of guests.
正解:(B) Confirm their attendance
Please let the front desk know by Wednesday if you plan to attend = 出席するなら水曜までに受付に知らせてほしい。
Section B|トーク + 設問2〜3問 目安20分・1問80秒
【トーク 11】 🔊
Q11. What is the purpose of this talk?
(A) To introduce a new employee
(B) To announce a company merger
(C) To celebrate the company’s anniversary
(D) To present the annual budget
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
Good afternoon, everyone, and welcome to the tenth anniversary celebration of Oakwood Publishing. Over the past decade, our company has grown from a small team of five to an organization of over 200 employees. I’d like to take this opportunity to recognize the outstanding contributions of our editorial staff. This year, we published a record number of novels, and our reputation in the industry continues to grow. Let’s raise our glasses to another successful decade.
正解:(C) To celebrate the company’s anniversary
welcome to the tenth anniversary celebration = 10周年記念のお祝い。
Q12. What has the company achieved this year?
(A) It opened new branch offices.
(B) It published a record number of novels.
(C) It doubled its revenue.
(D) It won an industry award.
解答を見る
正解:(B) It published a record number of novels.
we published a record number of novels = 過去最多の小説を出版した。
Q13. Who is the speaker most likely addressing?
(A) Clients
(B) Investors
(C) Company employees
(D) University students
解答を見る
正解:(C) Company employees
our company / our editorial staff / Let’s raise our glasses = 社内のスピーチ。
【トーク 12】 🔊
Q14. Why is the speaker calling?
(A) To schedule an appointment
(B) To confirm a delivery time
(C) To offer a discount on services
(D) To report on a vehicle inspection
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
Hello, this is David Park calling from City Auto Repair. I’m calling about your vehicle. We’ve completed the inspection and found that the brake pads need to be replaced. The overall cost, including parts and labor, will be approximately $350. Please call us back at 555-0276 to let us know how you’d like to proceed.
正解:(D) To report on a vehicle inspection
I’m calling about your vehicle. We’ve completed the inspection = 車の点検結果について電話。
Q15. What is the listener asked to do?
(A) Bring the car to the shop
(B) Pick up the vehicle today
(C) Pay the repair fee online
(D) Call back to give instructions
解答を見る
正解:(D) Call back to give instructions
Please call us back … to let us know how you’d like to proceed = 折り返し電話で指示を。
【トーク 13】 🔊
Q16. Who is the speaker?
(A) A school principal
(B) A hospital administrator
(C) A company CEO
(D) The director of a community center
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
Good morning. I’m Sarah Kim, the director of the Westfield Community Center. I’d like to welcome you all to this year’s volunteer orientation. Before we begin, let me go over a few important points. First, all participants must sign in at the front desk each day they volunteer. Second, please wear your ID badge at all times while on-site. And finally, if you observe any safety issues, report them to a staff member immediately. Now, let’s watch a short video about our programs.
正解:(D) The director of a community center
I’m Sarah Kim, the director of the Westfield Community Center.
Q17. What must participants do each day?
(A) Attend a meeting
(B) Take a safety test
(C) Submit a report
(D) Sign in at the front desk
解答を見る
正解:(D) Sign in at the front desk
all participants must sign in at the front desk each day = 毎日受付でサインインする。
Q18. What should listeners do if they notice a safety problem?
(A) Call the police
(B) Leave the building immediately
(C) Report it to a staff member
(D) Fill out a form at the front desk
解答を見る
正解:(C) Report it to a staff member
if you observe any safety issues, report them to a staff member immediately.
【トーク 14】 🔊
Q19. What change is being announced?
(A) A store relocation
(B) A change in the return policy
(C) A price reduction on all items
(D) Extended store hours
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
Attention, shoppers. Thank you for visiting Sunrise Department Store. We’d like to let you know about some exciting changes. Starting next week, our store hours will be extended. We will now be open from 8 A.M. to 10 P.M., seven days a week. In addition, we are pleased to announce the opening of a new food court on the third floor. We invite you to explore the variety of dining options available. Thank you for your continued support.
正解:(D) Extended store hours
our store hours will be extended = 営業時間が延長される。
Q20. What is opening on the third floor?
(A) A fitness center
(B) A children’s play area
(C) A food court
(D) A customer service desk
解答を見る
正解:(C) A food court
the opening of a new food court on the third floor.
Q21. What are listeners invited to do?
(A) Apply for a store credit card
(B) Join a loyalty program
(C) Try the new dining options
(D) Attend a grand opening event
解答を見る
正解:(C) Try the new dining options
We invite you to explore the variety of dining options available.
【トーク 15】 🔊
Q22. What is included in the rent?
(A) Water and gas
(B) Electricity only
(C) All utilities
(D) Internet and cable
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
Hello, this is Marcus from Lakewood Property Management. I’m calling about the apartment you inquired about on our website. The two-bedroom unit on Elm Street is still available. The monthly rent is $1,400, and that includes water and gas. However, electricity is not included. If you’d like to schedule a viewing, we have openings this Saturday morning or next Tuesday afternoon. Please give me a call back at 555-0389 at your earliest convenience.
正解:(A) Water and gas
The monthly rent is $1,400, and that includes water and gas. However, electricity is not included.
Q23. When can the listener view the apartment?
(A) This Saturday or next Tuesday
(B) This Friday or next Monday
(C) This Sunday or next Wednesday
(D) Any day this week
解答を見る
正解:(A) This Saturday or next Tuesday
we have openings this Saturday morning or next Tuesday afternoon.
Q24. What is the listener asked to do?
(A) Visit the office in person
(B) Send an email with documents
(C) Call the speaker back
(D) Complete an online application
解答を見る
正解:(C) Call the speaker back
Please give me a call back at 555-0389.
Q25. How much is the monthly rent?
(A) $1,400
(B) $1,200
(C) $1,600
(D) $1,800
解答を見る
正解:(A) $1,400
The monthly rent is $1,400.
Section C|やや長いトーク + 設問3問 目安25分・1問100秒
【トーク 16】 🔊
Q26. What is the main topic of the talk?
(A) The completion of product testing
(B) A company restructuring plan
(C) A change in management
(D) The hiring of new staff
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
Good afternoon, everyone. I’d like to begin this afternoon’s assembly by sharing some exciting news. As many of you know, our company has been working on a major project to develop a new line of household cleaning products. I’m pleased to report that the product testing phase is now complete, and the results have exceeded our expectations. Based on these findings, we’ve decided to move the product launch date forward by two weeks. The marketing team will begin the advertising campaign next Monday. I’d like to thank everyone who contributed to this achievement. Your dedication has been truly amazing.
正解:(A) The completion of product testing
the product testing phase is now complete, and the results have exceeded our expectations.
Q27. What has the company decided to do?
(A) Cancel the product launch
(B) Hire more staff for testing
(C) Move the launch date forward
(D) Delay the advertising campaign
解答を見る
正解:(C) Move the launch date forward
we’ve decided to move the product launch date forward by two weeks.
Q28. What will happen next Monday?
(A) Product testing will begin.
(B) New employees will start.
(C) The advertising campaign will begin.
(D) The factory will open.
解答を見る
正解:(C) The advertising campaign will begin.
The marketing team will begin the advertising campaign next Monday.
【トーク 17】 🔊
Q29. Where is this talk most likely taking place?
(A) At a museum
(B) At a university campus
(C) At a corporate office
(D) At a bookstore
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
Hello, everyone. Welcome to the City Museum’s annual lecture series. Tonight’s speaker is Dr. Robert Tanaka, a leading expert in Asian art history. Dr. Tanaka has spent over 20 years studying traditional Japanese sculpture and has published several award-winning books on the subject. His latest work explores the relationship between ancient craftsmanship and contemporary design. After the lecture, there will be a 30-minute question-and-answer session. Refreshments will be served in the lobby afterward. Now, please join me in welcoming Dr. Tanaka.
正解:(A) At a museum
Welcome to the City Museum’s annual lecture series.
Q30. What is Dr. Tanaka’s area of expertise?
(A) Modern architecture
(B) European painting
(C) Asian art history
(D) Digital technology
解答を見る
正解:(C) Asian art history
a leading expert in Asian art history / studying traditional Japanese sculpture.
Q31. What will happen after the lecture?
(A) A guided tour of the museum
(B) A book signing event
(C) A film screening
(D) A question-and-answer session
解答を見る
正解:(D) A question-and-answer session
After the lecture, there will be a 30-minute question-and-answer session.
【トーク 18】 🔊
Q32. What is causing the road closure?
(A) A water main break
(B) A traffic accident
(C) Heavy snowfall
(D) A scheduled parade
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
Good morning. This is your daily traffic update on WKRN Radio. Due to a water main break on Highway 12, the southbound lanes are currently closed between Exit 5 and Exit 8. Crews are on-site and repairs are expected to take until approximately 2 P.M. Drivers heading south are advised to take the Route 9 detour via Maple Avenue. In other news, construction on the downtown bridge is ahead of schedule and is now expected to be completed by the end of next month. We’ll have another update for you at noon.
正解:(A) A water main break
Due to a water main break on Highway 12, the southbound lanes are currently closed.
Q33. What are southbound drivers advised to do?
(A) Take a detour via Maple Avenue
(B) Wait until 2 P.M.
(C) Use public transportation
(D) Drive on the northbound lanes
解答を見る
正解:(A) Take a detour via Maple Avenue
Drivers heading south are advised to take the Route 9 detour via Maple Avenue.
Q34. What is reported about the downtown bridge construction?
(A) It has been canceled.
(B) It is behind schedule.
(C) It has been completed.
(D) It is ahead of schedule.
解答を見る
正解:(D) It is ahead of schedule.
construction on the downtown bridge is ahead of schedule.
【トーク 19】 🔊
Q35. What does the speaker say about the Norwood Industries proposal?
(A) It needs to be submitted earlier than planned.
(B) It has been approved.
(C) It has been canceled by the client.
(D) It requires additional funding.
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
Thank you all for coming to this morning’s staff meeting. I have a few updates to share. First, our client, Norwood Industries, has requested that we submit the revised proposal by next Wednesday. I know that’s earlier than expected, but I’m confident we can meet the deadline. Second, the company is offering a new savings plan for all full-time employees. Details will be sent via email later today. Finally, I’d like to remind everyone that the office will be closed next Friday for a national holiday. Please plan your work accordingly.
正解:(A) It needs to be submitted earlier than planned.
our client has requested that we submit the revised proposal by next Wednesday. I know that’s earlier than expected.
Q36. How will employees learn about the new savings plan?
(A) At a company meeting
(B) Through a memo posted in the break room
(C) From their supervisors
(D) Via email
解答を見る
正解:(D) Via email
Details will be sent via email later today.
Q37. Why will the office be closed next Friday?
(A) For building maintenance
(B) For a company retreat
(C) For an employee training day
(D) For a national holiday
解答を見る
正解:(D) For a national holiday
the office will be closed next Friday for a national holiday.
【トーク 20】 🔊
Q38. What is the occasion for this talk?
(A) A retirement party
(B) A product launch event
(C) A shareholders’ meeting
(D) An awards dinner
解答を見る
【スクリプト】
Good evening, and welcome to the Riverside Chamber of Commerce annual awards dinner. Tonight, we are here to honor some of the most outstanding business leaders in our community. Our first award goes to Ms. Linda Foster, the founder of Foster’s Organic Market. Since she founded the company 15 years ago, it has grown from a single store to a chain of 12 locations across the state. Ms. Foster is also known for her generous contributions to local food banks. Her dedication to both business excellence and community service makes her a truly deserving recipient of this year’s Business Leader of the Year award. Please join me in congratulating Ms. Foster.
正解:(D) An awards dinner
welcome to the Riverside Chamber of Commerce annual awards dinner.
Q39. What is mentioned about Ms. Foster’s company?
(A) It has expanded to 12 locations.
(B) It was recently acquired by a larger corporation.
(C) It plans to go public next year.
(D) It declined in sales this year.
解答を見る
正解:(A) It has expanded to 12 locations.
it has grown from a single store to a chain of 12 locations across the state.
Q40. What is Ms. Foster recognized for besides her business success?
(A) Her contributions to local food banks
(B) Her political career
(C) Her work in education
(D) Her research in agriculture
解答を見る
正解:(A) Her contributions to local food banks
Ms. Foster is also known for her generous contributions to local food banks.
今日の重要語(10語)
| 単語 | 意味 | 注意点 |
|---|---|---|
| announce | 発表する | announcement = 発表(名詞) |
| forecast | 予報、予測 | weather forecast = 天気予報 |
| achieve | 達成する | achievement = 達成(名詞) |
| observe | 観察する、順守する | observation = 観察(名詞) |
| honor | 称える、名誉 | be honored to = 〜できて光栄だ |
| reputation | 評判 | have a good reputation = 評判が良い |
| participant | 参加者 | participate in = 〜に参加する |
| via | 〜経由で | send via email = メールで送る |
| decline | 断る、下降 | decline an offer = 申し出を断る |
| assembly | 集会、組立 | assembly line = 組立ライン |
Day 22 まとめ
今日のチェックリスト
- [ ] Part 4の形式(1人のトーク + 設問3問)を理解した
- [ ] 頻出トークタイプ(電話メッセージ、アナウンス、スピーチ、広告、ニュース)を理解した
- [ ] 先読みのやり方をPart 4でも実践した
- [ ] 頻出設問パターン(目的・発表内容・聞き手への指示・話者・場所・次の出来事)を理解した
- [ ] Section A〜Cの40問を解いた
今日の重要単語(35語)
以下の単語を「英語→意味」の順で5回以上高速で繰り返してください。
| 英単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| announce | 発表する |
| broadcast | 放送する |
| audience | 観客 |
| award | 賞 |
| honor | 称える、名誉 |
| lecture | 講義 |
| sometime | いつか |
| anniversary | 記念日 |
| overall | 全体の |
| reputation | 評判 |
| achieve | 達成する |
| diet | 食事 |
| explore | 調査する |
| decline | 断る、下降 |
| basis | 基礎、基準、根拠 |
| challenge | 困難、異議を唱える |
| observe | 観察する、順守する |
| occur | 起こる |
| overnight | 一晩 |
| forecast | 予測 |
| novel | 小説 |
| finding | 結果 |
| represent | 代表する |
| saving | 節約 |
| secure | 安全な、固定する、確保する |
| via | 〜経由で、によって |
| crop | 作物 |
| treat | 扱う |
| amazing | 驚くべき |
| household | 家庭用の |
| aircraft | 航空機 |
| reflect | 反映する |
| assembly | 組立 |
| participant | 参加者 |
| banquet | 夕食会 |
明日の予告
Day 23ではPart 6(文脈を読んで穴埋めする問題)を攻略します。Part 6はPart 5と似た文法問題に加えて、「文挿入問題」という独自の形式があります。前後の文脈を読む力が求められるパートです。
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