Day 7：Phase 1 総復習 ― どんな構造が来ても骨格を見抜く

【パターン：前置詞句・副詞】

（ ）処理：

The robotics manufacturer (recently) signed a contract (with a European distributor) to expand its market presence (overseas).

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: The robotics manufacturer（ロボットメーカーが）
– V: signed（締結した）
– O: a contract（契約を）
– ※ to expand its market presence overseas は目的を表す不定詞句

【パターン：関係代名詞節】

（ ）処理：

The e-commerce fulfillment center (that opened last year) now processes (over) 100,000 orders (daily).

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: The e-commerce fulfillment center（Eコマース履行センターが）
– V: processes（処理する）
– O: over 100,000 orders（10万件以上の注文を）

【パターン：形式主語構文 ＋ 名詞節】

（ ）処理：

It was announced 【that the drone delivery pilot program would be extended (to an additional 12 cities) (before the end) (of the year)】.

骨格：受動態（形式S + V + 真のS）
– 形式S: It
– V: was announced（発表された）
– 真のS: 【that the drone delivery pilot program would be extended to an additional 12 cities before the end of the year】

【パターン：副詞節（although）＋ 現在完了形】

（ ）処理：

(Although the wind energy project faced strong opposition (from local residents) initially), it has (since) gained widespread community support.

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: It（そのプロジェクトが）
– V: has gained（得た）
– O: widespread community support（広範なコミュニティの支持を）

【パターン：現在完了進行形 ＋ 過去分詞の後置修飾】

（ ）処理：

The nanotechnology research team has been conducting experiments (aimed at developing more efficient drug delivery systems) (for cancer treatment).

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: The nanotechnology research team（ナノテクノロジー研究チームが）
– V: has been conducting（実施し続けている）
– O: experiments（実験を）

【パターン：名詞節（that節）】

（ ）処理：

The video game developer confirmed 【that the sequel (to its best-selling title) would be released (on multiple platforms) (simultaneously)】.

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: The video game developer（ゲーム開発会社が）
– V: confirmed（確認した）
– O: 【that the sequel would be released on multiple platforms simultaneously】

【パターン：否定語による倒置（Never before）】

（ ）処理：

(Never before) had a telemedicine platform achieved such rapid adoption (across both urban and rural healthcare systems) (within such a short period).

通常の語順： A telemedicine platform had never before achieved such rapid adoption across both urban and rural healthcare systems within such a short period.

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: A telemedicine platform（遠隔医療プラットフォームが）
– V: had achieved（達成したことがなかった）
– O: such rapid adoption（そのような急速な普及を）

【パターン：過去分詞の後置修飾 ＋ 現在分詞の後置修飾】

（ ）処理：

The electric vehicle charging infrastructure (installed (along the highway)) has reduced range anxiety (among drivers) (traveling between major cities).

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: The electric vehicle charging infrastructure（電気自動車充電インフラが）
– V: has reduced（軽減した）
– O: range anxiety（航続距離への不安を）

【パターン：分詞構文 ＋ 名詞節（that節）】

（ ）処理：

(Recognizing the growing importance (of data privacy)), the fintech startup redesigned its platform to ensure 【that all user information was stored and processed (in full compliance) (with current regulations)】.

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: The fintech startup（フィンテックスタートアップが）
– V: redesigned（再設計した）
– O: its platform（プラットフォームを）

【パターン：現在完了受動態 ＋ 過去分詞の後置修飾】

（ ）処理：

The autonomous vehicle testing program has been suspended (pending the outcome) (of an independent safety review) (commissioned (by the transportation authority)).

骨格：受動態（S + V）
– S: The autonomous vehicle testing program（自動運転車テストプログラムが）
– V: has been suspended（停止された）
– ※ pending〜は「〜を保留にして」という前置詞的用法

【パターン：関係代名詞節 ＋ 過去完了進行形 ＋ 過去受動態 ＋ 非制限的関係代名詞節】

（ ）処理：

The film production company (that had been struggling (financially) (for several years)) was acquired (by a larger media group), (which (immediately) greenlit three new projects).

骨格：受動態（S + V）
– S: The film production company（映画制作会社が）
– V: was acquired（買収された）
– ※ which以下は非制限的関係代名詞節（a larger media groupを先行詞とする追加情報）

【パターン：強調構文 ＋ 最上級】

（ ）処理：

It is [the company’s commitment (to open-source development)] that has made its blockchain platform the most (widely) adopted solution (in the financial services industry).

強調要素： the company’s commitment to open-source development

骨格：第5文型（S + V + O + C）
– S: The company’s commitment to open-source development
– V: has made（した）
– O: its blockchain platform（ブロックチェーンプラットフォームを）
– C: the most widely adopted solution in the financial services industry（金融サービス業界で最も広く採用されるソリューションに）

【パターン：副詞節（because）＋ 比較構文 ＋ 現在完了形】

（ ）処理：

(Because the urban farming facility uses 90 percent less water than conventional agriculture), it has attracted significant investment (from sustainability-focused venture capital firms).

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: It（その施設が）
– V: has attracted（集めた）
– O: significant investment（多額の投資を）

【パターン：Not only〜but also 倒置 ＋ 現在完了形】

（ ）処理：

Not only has the digital marketing agency developed campaigns (for clients) (in over 30 countries), but it has also won multiple industry awards (for creative innovation).

通常の語順： The digital marketing agency has not only developed campaigns for clients in over 30 countries but has also won multiple industry awards for creative innovation.

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）× 2
– S: The digital marketing agency（デジタルマーケティング会社が）
– V①: has developed（制作した）→ O: campaigns
– V②: has won（受賞した）→ O: multiple industry awards

【パターン：名詞節（whether節）＋ 関係代名詞節 ＋ 過去完了形】

（ ）処理：

The pension fund manager confirmed 【whether the new regulatory guidelines (that had come (into effect) last month) would require changes (to the fund’s existing investment strategy)】.

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: The pension fund manager（年金基金マネージャーが）
– V: confirmed（確認した）
– O: 【whether the new regulatory guidelines would require changes to the fund’s existing investment strategy】

【パターン：非制限的関係代名詞節 ＋ 現在完了受動態進行形 ＋ 現在完了形】

（ ）処理：

The art restoration project, (which has been underway (for three years)), has required specialists (from five different countries) to work (collaboratively) (on preserving the damaged murals).

骨格：第5文型（S + V + O + C）
– S: The art restoration project（美術修復プロジェクトが）
– V: has required（必要とした）
– O: specialists from five different countries（5か国の専門家が）
– C: to work collaboratively on preserving the damaged murals（協力して損傷した壁画の保存に取り組むことを）

【パターン：副詞節（once）＋ 現在完了受動態 ＋ 未来形】

（ ）処理：

(Once the 3D printing facility has been (fully) certified to produce medical-grade components), it will be able to supply hospitals (across the region) (on demand).

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: It（3Dプリンティング施設が）
– V: will be able to supply（供給できるようになる）
– O: hospitals across the region（地域の病院に）

【パターン：否定語による倒置（Seldom）＋ as〜as 比較 ＋ 非制限的関係代名詞節】

（ ）処理：

(Seldom) has a language learning application grown its user base as (rapidly) as this one has (since its launch), (which many analysts attribute to its innovative use (of artificial intelligence)).

通常の語順： A language learning application has seldom grown its user base as rapidly as this one has since its launch.

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: A language learning application（語学学習アプリが）
– V: has grown（拡大したことがなかった）
– O: its user base（ユーザー基盤を）
– ※ which以下の which は前文全体を先行詞とする非制限的関係代名詞

【パターン：関係代名詞節 ＋ 過去受動態 ＋ 現在完了形】

（ ）処理：

The academic publishing platform (that was launched (in partnership) (with 40 universities)) has made thousands (of peer-reviewed research papers) (freely) accessible (to readers) (worldwide).

骨格：第5文型（S + V + O + C）
– S: The academic publishing platform（学術出版プラットフォームが）
– V: has made（してきた）
– O: thousands of peer-reviewed research papers（何千もの査読済み論文を）
– C: freely accessible to readers worldwide（世界中の読者が無料でアクセスできるように）

【パターン：完了分詞構文（Having -ed）＋ 過去分詞の後置修飾】

（ ）処理：

The climate science research station, (having recorded temperatures 3 degrees above the historical average (for six consecutive months)), issued a formal warning (to government agencies) (responsible for coastal flood management).

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: The climate science research station（気候科学研究ステーションが）
– V: issued（発した）
– O: a formal warning（正式な警告を）
– ※ Having recorded〜は完了分詞構文（主節より前の動作）

【パターン：so〜that 構文 ＋ 関係代名詞節（目的格省略）】

（ ）処理：

The robotics manufacturing plant operates so (efficiently) 【that it can produce the same output (in eight hours) (that previously required three full shifts)】.

骨格：第1文型（S + V）+ 結果節
– S: The robotics manufacturing plant（ロボット製造工場が）
– V: operates（稼働している）
– C的副詞: so efficiently（非常に効率よく）
– 結果：【that it can produce the same output…】

【パターン：名詞節（whether節）がSの位置 ＋ 過去分詞の後置修飾】

（ ）処理：

【Whether the new smart city technology initiative will be extended (beyond its current pilot zone)】 depends (largely) (on the results) (of the independent effectiveness review) (scheduled (for next spring)).

骨格：第1文型（S + V）
– S: 【Whether the new smart city technology initiative will be extended beyond its current pilot zone】（スマートシティ技術イニシアチブが現在のパイロットゾーンを超えて拡大されるかどうかが）
– V: depends（かかっている）

【パターン：Only by〜倒置】

（ ）処理：

(Only by adopting a (fundamentally) different approach (to supply chain management)) was the e-commerce company able to reduce delivery times (to under 24 hours) (for customers) (in remote areas).

通常の語順： The e-commerce company was able to reduce delivery times to under 24 hours for customers in remote areas only by adopting a fundamentally different approach to supply chain management.

骨格：第2文型（S + V + C）
– S: The e-commerce company（Eコマース会社が）
– V: was（〜だった）
– C: able to reduce delivery times to under 24 hours（配達時間を24時間以内に短縮することができた）

【パターン：非制限的関係代名詞節 ＋ 過去完了受動態 ＋ 最上級 ＋ 関係代名詞節 ＋ 完了受動態（never）】

（ ）処理：

The marine biology research vessel, (which had been equipped (with the most advanced underwater imaging technology available)), documented species (of deep-sea organisms) (that had never (previously) been observed (by scientists)).

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: The marine biology research vessel（海洋生物学調査船が）
– V: documented（記録した）
– O: species of deep-sea organisms（深海生物の種を）

【パターン：強調構文 ＋ 現在完了形 ＋ 比較（35 percent）】

（ ）処理：

It is [the integration (of real-time data analytics) (with traditional operational methods)] that has allowed the port authority to reduce cargo processing times (by nearly 35 percent) (over the past two years).

強調要素： the integration of real-time data analytics with traditional operational methods

骨格：第5文型（S + V + O + C）
– S: The integration of real-time data analytics with traditional operational methods
– V: has allowed（可能にしてきた）
– O: the port authority（港湾当局が）
– C: to reduce cargo processing times by nearly 35 percent（貨物処理時間をほぼ35%削減することを）

【パターン：関係代名詞節 ＋ 過去完了進行形 ＋ 名詞節（that節）＋ 過去完了形】

（ ）処理：

The nanotechnology startup (that had been developing a breakthrough battery technology (for electric vehicles)) confirmed 【that it had (successfully) completed the final round (of testing) and was now ready to begin commercial production】.

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: The nanotechnology startup（ナノテクノロジースタートアップが）
– V: confirmed（確認した）
– O: 【that it had successfully completed the final round of testing and was now ready to begin commercial production】

【パターン：副詞節（although）＋ 過去完了受動態 ＋ 名詞節 ＋ 比較構文】

（ ）処理：

(Although the archaeological excavation had been suspended twice (due to funding shortfalls)), the team confirmed 【that the artifacts (discovered (in the deepest layer)) were (significantly) older than any (previously) found (at the site)】.

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: The team（チームが）
– V: confirmed（確認した）
– O: 【that the artifacts discovered in the deepest layer were significantly older than any previously found at the site】

【パターン：否定語による倒置（Never）＋ as〜as 比較 ＋ 非制限的関係代名詞節 ＋ 完了分詞構文】

（ ）処理：

(Never) had a drone delivery network been scaled so (rapidly) as this one, (which, (having secured regulatory approval (in 15 countries) (within a single year)), is now considered the benchmark (for the industry)).

骨格：受動態（S + V）
– S: A drone delivery network（ドローン配達ネットワークが）
– V: had been scaled（拡大されたことがなかった）
– ※ which以下は非制限的関係代名詞節（this oneを先行詞とする追加情報）
– ※ having secured〜は完了分詞構文（「1年以内に承認を取得したのちに〜と見なされている」）

【パターン：so〜that 構文 ＋ 不定詞の後置修飾】

（ ）処理：

The fintech company’s decision to make its core payment infrastructure available (as an open-source platform) was so significant 【that it (fundamentally) changed the competitive landscape (of the digital payments industry) (within just two years)】.

骨格：第2文型（S + V + C）＋ 結果節
– S: The fintech company’s decision（フィンテック会社の決定が）
– V: was（〜だった）
– C: so significant（非常に重大で）
– 結果：【that it fundamentally changed the competitive landscape…】

【パターン：強調構文（Only when）＋ 非制限的関係代名詞節 ＋ 未来受動態】

（ ）処理：

It is only (when the full results (of the climate science expedition), (which spent eight months studying ice core samples (from the Arctic)), are published) that the true extent (of the temperature change) (over the past century) will be understood.

強調要素： only when the full results are published

骨格：受動態（S + V）
– S: The true extent of the temperature change over the past century（過去1世紀にわたる気温変化の全体像が）
– V: will be understood（理解される）

【パターン：Not only〜but also 倒置 ＋ 関係代名詞節 ＋ 現在完了形 ＋ 現在進行受動態】

（ ）処理：

Not only has the autonomous vehicle research program (that was launched five years ago) produced several (internationally) recognized safety standards, but it has also generated (over) 200 patents (that are now being licensed (to manufacturers) (worldwide)).

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）× 2
– S: The autonomous vehicle research program（自動運転車研究プログラムが）
– V①: has produced（生み出した）→ O: several internationally recognized safety standards
– V②: has generated（生成した）→ O: over 200 patents

【パターン：名詞節（whether節）＋ 関係代名詞節 ＋ 現在完了形】

（ ）処理：

The pension fund’s investment committee has not yet determined 【whether the significant increase (in renewable energy assets) (that has occurred (over the past 18 months)) reflects a permanent structural shift or a temporary market trend】.

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: The pension fund’s investment committee（年金基金の投資委員会が）
– V: has not determined（まだ決定していない）
– O: 【whether the significant increase reflects a permanent structural shift or a temporary market trend】

【パターン：完了分詞構文（Having -ed）＋ 名詞節 ＋ 比較構文（more than twice as〜as）】

（ ）処理：

(Having partnered (with leading universities) (across three continents) to develop its core algorithm), the language learning app company confirmed 【that its technology was now capable (of producing results) (more than twice) as accurate as any competing product (on the market)】.

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: The language learning app company（語学学習アプリ会社が）
– V: confirmed（確認した）
– O: 【that its technology was now capable of producing results more than twice as accurate as any competing product on the market】

【パターン：So〜were（倒置）＋ 過去分詞修飾 ＋ so〜that ＋ 関係代名詞節 ＋ 過去完了形 ＋ 現在分詞修飾】

（ ）処理：

So profound were the changes (brought about (by the introduction) (of 3D printing technology) (in the medical device sector)) 【that surgical procedures (which had (previously) required custom-manufactured implants (costing thousands of dollars)) could now be performed (using components) (produced on-site) (at a fraction) (of the cost)】.

骨格：第2文型（S + V + C）＋ 結果節
– S: The changes（変化が）
– V: were（〜だった）
– C: so profound（非常に深刻で）
– 結果：【that surgical procedures could now be performed…】

【パターン：Only after〜倒置 ＋ 過去完了進行形 ＋ 名詞節 ＋ 未来受動態】

（ ）処理：

(Only after the smart city technology pilot had been running (successfully) (for 18 months)) did the city council agree to extend the program and confirm 【that it would be rolled out (to all 12 districts) (by the end) (of the following year)】.

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: The city council（市議会が）
– V: agreed to extend（拡張することに合意した）and confirmed（確認した）
– O: 【that it would be rolled out to all 12 districts by the end of the following year】

【パターン：非制限的関係代名詞節 ＋ 過去受動態 ＋ 現在完了受動態 ＋ 最上級 ＋ 過去受動態修飾】

（ ）処理：

The academic publishing consortium, (which was established to make research more accessible (in developing countries)), has been recognized as the most impactful open-access initiative (ever launched (in the field) (of educational equity)).

骨格：受動態（S + V + C）
– S: The academic publishing consortium（学術出版コンソーシアムが）
– V: has been recognized（認められた）
– C: as the most impactful open-access initiative ever launched…（これまでに立ち上げられた中で最も影響力のあるオープンアクセスイニシアチブとして）

【パターン：強調構文 ＋ 前置詞＋which（関係代名詞） ＋ 現在完了形】

（ ）処理：

It is [the remarkable consistency (with which the marine biology research team has documented rising ocean temperatures) (across all 14) (of its monitoring stations) (over a 20-year period)] that has made its findings (virtually) impossible to dismiss.

強調要素： the remarkable consistency with which the team has documented rising ocean temperatures…

骨格：第5文型（S + V + O + C）
– S: The remarkable consistency with which the team has documented…
– V: has made（した）
– O: its findings（調査結果を）
– C: virtually impossible to dismiss（無視することをほぼ不可能に）

【パターン：副詞節（although）＋ 過去完了受動態 ＋ 比較構文 ＋ 名詞節（that節）＋ 未来形】

（ ）処理：

(Although the electric vehicle charging infrastructure expansion program had been allocated (significantly) more funding than (originally) planned), the committee acknowledged 【that completion (of the network) (across all rural areas) would still require an additional 18 months (beyond the original deadline)】.

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: The committee（委員会が）
– V: acknowledged（認めた）
– O: 【that completion of the network would still require an additional 18 months beyond the original deadline】

【パターン：否定語による倒置（Never before）＋ so〜that ＋ 比較構文 ＋ 名詞節（that節）× 2 ＋ 分詞構文】

（ ）処理：

(Never before) had the fusion (of robotics technology) (with artificial intelligence) produced results so far (beyond what experts had predicted) 【that the research team was compelled to publish an interim report (acknowledging 【that its original 10-year roadmap would need to be (completely) revised】)】**.

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: The fusion of robotics technology with artificial intelligence（ロボット技術と人工知能の融合が）
– V: had produced（生み出したことがなかった）
– O: results so far beyond what experts had predicted（専門家が予測していたものをはるかに超えた結果を）
– 結果：【that the research team was compelled to publish an interim report…】

【パターン：強調構文（Only by〜）＋ 名詞節（that節）＋ 最上級 ＋ 関係代名詞節 ＋ 過去完了受動態 ＋ 過去分詞修飾】

（ ）処理：

It is only (by understanding 【that the transition (to sustainable energy) is not merely an environmental necessity but also the most significant economic opportunity (of the twenty-first century)】) that governments, businesses, and investors will be able to make the coordinated decisions (required to achieve meaningful progress) (within the time frame) (that scientists have identified as critical)**.

強調要素： only by understanding that…

骨格：第3文型（S + V + O）
– S: Governments, businesses, and investors（政府・企業・投資家が）
– V: will be able to make（行えるようになる）
– O: the coordinated decisions required to achieve meaningful progress（意義ある進展を達成するために必要な協調的な意思決定を）