Day 17｜推測問題・目的問題・意図問題の解法

今日のテーマ：「書かれていないことを読む」技術

Phase 3 Day 17 導入

3種類の設問と違い

今日学ぶ3種類の設問は、いずれも本文に「直接書かれていない情報」を問います。

目的問題の解法

設問パターン：

What is the purpose of the email?
Why was the notice written?
What is the main purpose of the announcement?

解法：
文書の「冒頭1〜2文」を最優先で確認します。ビジネス文書は冒頭に目的を述べる構造（PREP型）が多いためです。

典型的な目的を示す表現：

推測問題の解法

設問パターン：

What is suggested about the company?
What is indicated about the schedule?
What can be inferred about Mr. Patel?

解法：

「書かれていないことを問う」と聞くと難しそうに見えますが、TOEIC の推測問題は必ず本文の情報から論理的に導ける答えのみが正解になります。飛躍した推測は不正解です。

正解の条件： 本文の複数の情報を組み合わせると論理的に成立する
不正解の条件： 本文に根拠のない常識的な推測 / 本文と矛盾する内容

例：

• 正解になる推測：「Ms. Park has extensive experience at the company.」（10年在籍 → 豊富な経験）
• 不正解になる推測：「Ms. Park will be promoted soon.」（昇進の記載なし）

意図問題の解法

設問パターン：

What does the writer mean by “we need to reconsider our approach”?
In the email, what does “the window is closing” most likely refer to?
Why does the author mention “the original timeline”?

解法：

指定された表現の前後の文脈を読みます。孤立して解釈するのではなく、その表現が使われた流れを追います。

よくある意図問題の構造：
1. 問題・課題の提示
2. 意図問題の対象フレーズ（← ここを問われる）
3. 解決策や次のアクションの提示

対象フレーズの直前の文と直後の文が最大のヒントです。

やり方

Section A｜目的問題の基礎練習（10問）

形式： 各文書の冒頭を読み、文書の目的として最も適切なものを選んでください。

問題 1

We are pleased to announce that the Greenway Tower construction project has officially reached its midpoint milestone. Work on floors 1 through 20 has been completed on schedule, and we expect to begin interior installations in the east wing next month.

この文書の目的は何か？

（A）To request additional funding for the project
（B）To update stakeholders on construction progress
（C）To announce a delay in the construction schedule
（D）To introduce the architect hired for the project

問題 2

This is a reminder that all employees are required to complete the annual compliance training by December 15. Failure to complete the training by the deadline may result in restricted system access. The training can be accessed through the company intranet.

この文書の目的は何か？

（A）To introduce a new compliance policy
（B）To remind employees about a required training deadline
（C）To announce the launch of a new intranet platform
（D）To warn employees about a recent security breach

問題 3

Dear Mr. Navarro,

We are writing to express our concern regarding the invoice we received on November 3. The total amount charged, $4,200, does not match the agreed price of $3,800 outlined in our contract. We would appreciate clarification on this discrepancy at your earliest convenience.

この文書の目的は何か？

（A）To request an extension on a payment deadline
（B）To confirm receipt of a new contract
（C）To inquire about a billing discrepancy
（D）To cancel a service agreement

問題 4

We would like to invite you to the grand opening of our new flagship store on Maple Street. The event will be held on Saturday, October 18, from 11 A.M. to 6 P.M. Light refreshments will be served, and all attendees will receive a 20% discount on their first purchase.

この文書の目的は何か？

（A）To advertise a seasonal sale at an existing store
（B）To invite recipients to a store opening event
（C）To announce the relocation of an existing branch
（D）To promote a new loyalty rewards program

問題 5

Thank you for contacting Evergreen Customer Support. We have received your request for a refund on order #8821 and are currently reviewing it. Please allow 5–7 business days for our team to process your request. You will receive an email confirmation once a decision has been made.

この文書の目的は何か？

（A）To confirm that a refund has been approved
（B）To acknowledge receipt of a refund request
（C）To request additional documentation from the customer
（D）To apologize for a shipping error

問題 6

Helio Workspace is now accepting applications for its Spring Residency Program for independent creators and entrepreneurs. Participants will have access to coworking facilities, weekly networking sessions, and mentorship from industry professionals. Applications close March 1.

この文書の目的は何か？

（A）To notify current members of a policy change
（B）To promote a residency program for entrepreneurs
（C）To announce the opening of a new coworking location
（D）To advertise job openings at Helio Workspace

問題 7

This letter is to confirm that your lease agreement for Unit 4B at the Hawthorn Apartments will be renewed for a period of 12 months beginning February 1. Your new monthly rent will be $1,450, reflecting a 3% annual increase as outlined in your current contract.

この文書の目的は何か？

（A）To notify a tenant of a lease termination
（B）To confirm the renewal of a lease and new rent amount
（C）To offer a new tenant a lease agreement
（D）To request payment of overdue rent

問題 8

We regret to inform you that the annual Harborview Business Forum, originally scheduled for May 12–13, has been postponed due to unforeseen circumstances. A new date will be announced within the next two weeks. We sincerely apologize for any inconvenience this may cause.

この文書の目的は何か？

（A）To cancel a business event permanently
（B）To announce the new dates for the forum
（C）To notify recipients of the postponement of an event
（D）To invite participants to a different venue

問題 9

We are thrilled to introduce our newest team member, Dr. Yuki Sato, who joins us as Head of Research and Development. Dr. Sato brings over 15 years of experience in pharmaceutical innovation and previously led the R&D division at Crestline BioSciences.

この文書の目的は何か？

（A）To announce the departure of a team member
（B）To introduce a new member of the research team
（C）To summarize recent achievements in the R&D department
（D）To announce the acquisition of a competitor company

問題 10

Starting next quarter, all expense reports must be submitted through the new Expensify system. Paper forms will no longer be accepted. A training session on how to use the system will be held on Thursday at 2 P.M. in Conference Room B.

この文書の目的は何か？

（A）To introduce a new financial reporting system and notify staff of related changes
（B）To remind employees to submit pending expense reports
（C）To announce the hiring of a new finance manager
（D）To provide instructions on how to calculate business expenses

Section B｜推測問題・意図問題の応用練習（15問）

形式： 文書を読み、設問に答えてください。

文書 1（問題 11〜13）

From: sarah.mills@brigtondesign.com
To: client.services@brigtondesign.com
Subject: Client Project — Feedback on Draft

Hi team,

I just got off a call with Mr. Tanaka regarding the logo draft we sent over last Friday. He said the overall direction is promising, but he’d like to see more contrast in the color palette and a slightly more modern font choice. He also mentioned that his marketing team hasn’t had a chance to review it yet.

Let’s hold off on finalizing anything until we hear back from his side. I’ll check in with him again by Wednesday.

Sarah

問題 11
What is suggested about the logo draft?

（A）It has been approved by Mr. Tanaka’s marketing team.
（B）It has not yet received full approval from the client.
（C）It will be completely redesigned from scratch.
（D）It was submitted two weeks late.

問題 12
What does Sarah mean when she says “Let’s hold off on finalizing anything”?

（A）The project should be cancelled until further notice.
（B）No final decisions should be made before hearing from the client’s team.
（C）The team should stop working on the project entirely.
（D）Sarah will handle all client communication going forward.

問題 13
What can be inferred about Mr. Tanaka?

（A）He is a new client who contacted Brigton Design for the first time.
（B）He is satisfied with every aspect of the draft.
（C）He wants some adjustments to be made before the design is finalized.
（D）He plans to switch to a different design firm.

文書 2（問題 14〜16）

Interoffice Notice

Due to a significant increase in foot traffic and deliveries, the loading bay area on the north side of the building will be designated as a restricted zone effective next Monday. Only vehicles with a valid vendor pass will be permitted to access this area between 7 A.M. and 6 P.M. on weekdays.

Employees who previously used this area for personal vehicle parking should note that alternative parking is available in Lot C, a five-minute walk from the main entrance. Parking validation for Lot C is available at the security desk on the ground floor.

This change is being implemented to ensure the safety of both staff and delivery personnel and to comply with updated building regulations.

問題 14
What is suggested about the loading bay area?

（A）It was previously used for employee parking.
（B）It will be permanently closed to all vehicles.
（C）It is located near the main entrance of the building.
（D）It was recently expanded to accommodate more deliveries.

問題 15
What is implied about Lot C?

（A）It requires an additional monthly fee.
（B）It is available free of charge with validation.
（C）It has a limited number of spaces.
（D）It is closer to the building than the loading bay.

問題 16
Why was this change implemented?

（A）To reduce the number of delivery vehicles visiting the building
（B）To generate additional revenue from parking fees
（C）To improve safety and meet updated building regulations
（D）To accommodate the installation of new loading equipment

文書 3（問題 17〜19）

Customer Review — Posted on TrueReview.com

I booked a private dining experience at Saffron Table for my wife’s birthday last month. The ambiance was exactly what I had hoped for — intimate and beautifully decorated. Our server, Marco, was attentive and knowledgeable about the menu.

However, two of the dishes we ordered arrived cold, and when I brought this to the attention of the manager on duty, I was told it was because the kitchen was “unusually busy” that evening. While I appreciate the acknowledgment, the explanation didn’t fully resolve the issue for us, especially considering the premium price point.

I’d be willing to return, but I’d hesitate to recommend it to others at this stage.

問題 17
What is suggested about the reviewer’s overall experience?

（A）The experience was completely satisfactory.
（B）The reviewer was disappointed by every aspect of the dinner.
（C）The reviewer was pleased with the atmosphere but dissatisfied with the food service.
（D）The reviewer plans to file a formal complaint with the restaurant.

問題 18
What does the reviewer mean by “the explanation didn’t fully resolve the issue”?

（A）The manager refused to explain the reason for the delay.
（B）The reviewer was not compensated or given a satisfactory response.
（C）The kitchen staff denied that there was a problem.
（D）The reviewer was asked to leave the restaurant.

問題 19
What can be inferred about the reviewer’s attitude toward the restaurant?

（A）They will never return under any circumstances.
（B）They are cautiously open to returning but reluctant to recommend it to others.
（C）They believe the restaurant’s prices are unfairly high for the area.
（D）They plan to recommend the restaurant for its service.

文書 4（問題 20〜22）

Annual Performance Review Summary — Elena Kowalski

Elena joined the logistics coordination team 18 months ago and has consistently exceeded targets for on-time delivery tracking. Her attention to detail has been noted by multiple team supervisors. She completed the advanced project management certification in June and immediately began applying the frameworks in her day-to-day responsibilities.

While her technical skills are strong, Elena has indicated a desire to take on more client-facing responsibilities. Her supervisor, Mr. Huang, has recommended that she shadow members of the client services team for one quarter before transitioning into a hybrid role.

問題 20
What is suggested about Elena’s performance?

（A）She has struggled to meet her delivery targets.
（B）She received a poor evaluation from her supervisor.
（C）She is performing above expectations in her current role.
（D）She was recently promoted to a managerial position.

問題 21
What does “shadow members of the client services team” most likely mean?

（A）Attend meetings on behalf of the client services team
（B）Observe and learn from client services staff before transitioning
（C）Temporarily replace client services team members
（D）Report the activities of the team to senior management

問題 22
What can be inferred about Elena’s future role?

（A）She will be promoted to team leader within six months.
（B）She may move into a position that combines logistics and client interaction.
（C）She will leave the company to pursue a career in project management.
（D）She will be transferred to a different office location.

文書 5（問題 23〜25）

Email

From: director@harvestfoodsco.com
To: allstaff@harvestfoodsco.com
Subject: A Word from the Director

Dear Team,

As we close out the third quarter, I want to take a moment to reflect on where we are as a company. Our revenue is up 12% from the same period last year, and we’ve welcomed three major new accounts this quarter alone.

That said, the landscape is shifting. Two of our longtime competitors have recently announced significant price reductions, and we are seeing increased pressure in the mid-range product segment. I believe this is a moment to look carefully at our positioning — not with alarm, but with purpose.

I’ll be sharing more details in next week’s all-hands meeting. Until then, I encourage everyone to keep delivering the quality our clients have come to rely on.

Claire Novak
Director, Harvest Foods Co.

問題 23
What is the purpose of this email?

（A）To announce a price reduction on Harvest Foods products
（B）To update staff on quarterly results and address competitive challenges ahead
（C）To introduce a new sales strategy for the mid-range product segment
（D）To inform staff of Claire Novak’s resignation

問題 24
What does Claire Novak mean when she says “look carefully at our positioning — not with alarm, but with purpose”?

（A）The company should immediately reduce its prices to compete.
（B）Staff should not be concerned, but the company needs to think strategically.
（C）The competitive pressure is not serious and can be ignored.
（D）The company will be merging with a competitor to strengthen its position.

問題 25
What can be inferred about the company’s upcoming all-hands meeting?

（A）It will be held to celebrate the company’s best year on record.
（B）It will include a discussion of how to respond to competitive pressures.
（C）It will be attended by clients and external stakeholders.
（D）It will result in a formal announcement of layoffs.

Section C｜推測・目的・意図問題：複数文書形式（実戦）

形式： 2つの関連文書を読み、各設問に答えてください。

文書セット 1：カンファレンス告知と参加者からの問い合わせメール（問題 26〜30）

問題 26
What is the purpose of Mr. Sorensen’s email?

（A）To request a refund for a prior registration
（B）To inquire about attending the forum and ask several questions
（C）To submit an abstract for the startup pitch competition
（D）To report a problem with the registration website

問題 27
What can be inferred about Mr. Sorensen’s registration?

（A）He has already completed his registration online.
（B）He will be eligible for the early bird rate.
（C）He will likely pay the standard registration fee.
（D）He qualifies for a group discount.

問題 28
What is NOT included in the standard registration fee?

（A）Access to breakout sessions
（B）Lunch on the first day of the forum
（C）The post-forum dinner
（D）Flights to Vancouver

問題 29
What is suggested about the Greentech Innovation Forum?

（A）It is held every month in different cities.
（B）It includes competitive events for entrepreneurs.
（C）It is open exclusively to researchers.
（D）It does not offer any discounts on registration.

問題 30
What does Mr. Sorensen imply when he asks “Are there sessions specifically covering this topic?”

（A）He wants to present research at the forum on offshore wind energy.
（B）He is uncertain whether the forum covers topics relevant to his work.
（C）He believes the forum focuses primarily on solar energy.
（D）He would like to organize a new session on offshore wind energy.

文書セット 2：業績報告書と株主へのメール（問題 31〜35）

問題 31
What is the purpose of Marcus Webb’s email?

（A）To announce his resignation from the company
（B）To provide shareholders with context and his perspective on Q2 results
（C）To present the official financial report for Q2
（D）To request approval from shareholders for the digital infrastructure investment

問題 32
What is suggested about the logistics division?

（A）It is the company’s fastest-growing segment.
（B）It has faced unexpected challenges this quarter.
（C）It will be sold to a partner company.
（D）It outperformed revenue targets this quarter.

問題 33
What does Marcus Webb mean when he says “We are not simply chasing short-term gains”?

（A）The company is focused on sustainable, long-term growth.
（B）The company has decided to reduce its dividend payments.
（C）The company will stop investing in the digital services segment.
（D）Shareholders should sell their shares immediately.

問題 34
What can be inferred about the digital services segment?

（A）It was recently acquired from another company.
（B）It is the area the company considers most promising for future growth.
（C）It operates independently from Strata Holdings.
（D）Its growth rate is expected to slow significantly in Q3.

問題 35
What is indicated about the dividend?

（A）It will be distributed to all employees.
（B）It represents an increase from the previous quarter.
（C）It will be paid to shareholders registered by a specific date.
（D）It has been suspended due to the decline in net income.

今日の重要語

Day 17 まとめ

3種の設問タイプ・解法早見表

よくある誤答パターン

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