なぜやるか
品詞問題の中で形容詞を問うパターンは、名詞に次いで出題頻度が高いです。
「冠詞（a/the）＋ _____ ＋名詞」を見た瞬間に「形容詞！」と反応できれば、3秒で正解できます。
さらに「be動詞＋ _____」のパターンも押さえれば、品詞問題の形容詞パターンはほぼ完璧です。
Lesson 01では「名詞が入るパターン」を学びました。今回の形容詞パターンとの区別ができるようになれば、品詞問題の半分以上を即答できる状態になります。
攻略法
形容詞が入る2つの主要パターン
| パターン | 空所の位置 | 例 |
|---|---|---|
| パターン1 | 冠詞（a/the）＋ ___ ＋名詞 | a professional qualification |
| パターン2 | be動詞＋ ___（SVC補語） | The results are impressive. |
この2つを覚えておけば、形容詞を問う問題の大半に対応できます。
パターン1：冠詞＋ ___ ＋名詞 → 形容詞
冠詞と名詞の間に入れるのは、名詞を修飾する形容詞です。
a/the + _____ + 名詞 → 形容詞が入る
The company made a ------- decision about the merger.
選択肢に strategy / strategic / strategically / strategize があったら、a _____ decision → 冠詞＋名詞の間 → 形容詞 strategic が正解です。
Lesson 01との区別: 冠詞＋ _____ で後ろに名詞がないなら名詞が入る（Lesson 01）。後ろに名詞があるなら形容詞が入る（今回）。
パターン2：be動詞＋ ___ → 形容詞（SVC補語）
be動詞の後ろの補語（C）には形容詞が入ります。
S + be動詞 + _____ → 形容詞が入る
The new policy is ------- for all employees.
選択肢に benefit / beneficial / beneficially / benefited があったら、is _____ → be動詞の後ろ → 形容詞 beneficial が正解です。
注意: become / remain / seem / look なども同じSVCの文型をとります。これらの動詞の後ろも形容詞が入ります。
– The sky became clear. （← clearly は副詞なので不可）
– The offer remains valid.
補足：very / quite＋ ___ → 形容詞
very や quite などの程度を表す副詞の後ろにも形容詞が入ります。
very / quite / extremely / highly + _____ → 形容詞が入る
The manager was very ------- about the project timeline.
→ very の後ろ → 形容詞が入る。
形容詞の語尾パターン
選択肢を見たとき、以下の語尾なら形容詞だと判断できます。
| 語尾 | 例 |
|---|---|
| -ive | effective, productive, competitive |
| -al | professional, additional, financial |
| -ous | various, numerous, previous |
| -ful | successful, helpful, careful |
| -less | regardless, careless, countless |
| -able / -ible | available, responsible, flexible |
| -ent / -ant | different, important, significant |
| -cal | practical, technical, medical |
| -cial / -tial | commercial, essential, confidential |
| -nal | regional, national, traditional |
| -ory | mandatory, satisfactory, introductory |
やり方
| ステップ | 内容 |
|---|---|
| 1 | 攻略法の「形容詞が入る2つの主要パターン」を確認する |
| 2 | 形容詞の語尾パターンを声に出して確認する |
| 3 | 練習問題を解く（必ず空所の前後→語尾の順番で判断する） |
| 4 | 間違えた問題は構造把握まで読んでから、もう一度解く |
8割正解できたら次のレッスンへ進みましょう。間違えた問題だけ復習すればOKです。
練習問題（20問）
Q1. The hiring committee reached a ------- decision after reviewing all of the candidates’ qualifications and references.
(A) unanimous (B) unanimity (C) unanimously (D) unite
Q1の解答・解説を見る
- (B) unanimity → 名詞。冠詞と名詞の間には入らない（a unanimity decision は不自然）
- (C) unanimously → 副詞。名詞を修飾できない
- (D) unite → 動詞。冠詞と名詞の間には入らない
S[The hiring committee] V[reached] a unanimous decision (after reviewing all of the candidates’ qualifications and references).
S[The hiring committee] V[reached]
Q2. The terms of the revised contract are ------- to both parties involved in the negotiation.
(A) acceptance (B) accept (C) acceptable (D) acceptably
Q2の解答・解説を見る
- (A) acceptance → 名詞。be動詞の補語として「条件 = 受け入れ」は意味が不自然
- (B) accept → 動詞の原形。are の後に原形動詞は置けない
- (D) acceptably → 副詞。補語にはなれない
S[The terms (of the revised contract)] V[are] C[acceptable] (to both parties) (involved in the negotiation).
S[The terms] V[are] C[acceptable]
Q3. Greenfield Industries is seeking an ------- candidate to lead the new product development team starting in January.
(A) experienced (B) experience (C) experientially (D) experiencing
Q3の解答・解説を見る
- (B) experience → 名詞。冠詞と名詞の間に名詞は入らない（an experience candidate は不自然）
- (C) experientially → 副詞。名詞を修飾できない
- (D) experiencing → 現在分詞。ここでは「経験している候補者」と能動の進行中の意味になり不自然
S[Greenfield Industries] V[is seeking] an experienced candidate (to lead the new product development team) (starting in January).
S[Greenfield Industries] V[is seeking]
Q4. The instructions in the employee handbook were ------- enough for all staff members to understand the new attendance policy.
(A) clarify (B) clarity (C) clear (D) clearly
Q4の解答・解説を見る
- (A) clarify → 動詞。were clarify は文法的に不成立
- (B) clarity → 名詞。were clarity enough は文法的に不自然
- (D) clearly → 副詞。補語にはなれない。clearly enough は副詞として使えるが、ここではbe動詞の補語なので形容詞が必要
S[The instructions (in the employee handbook)] V[were] C[clear enough (for all staff members to understand the new attendance policy)].
S[The instructions] V[were] C[clear]
Q5. The ------- analysis of market trends helped the management team make informed decisions about future investments.
(A) comprehensive (B) comprehensively (C) comprehension (D) comprehend
Q5の解答・解説を見る
- (B) comprehensively → 副詞。名詞を修飾できない
- (C) comprehension → 名詞。The comprehension analysis は不自然
- (D) comprehend → 動詞。冠詞と名詞の間には入らない
S[The comprehensive analysis (of market trends)] V[helped] the management team make informed decisions (about future investments).
S[The analysis] V[helped]
Q6. Customer feedback regarding the updated mobile application has been overwhelmingly -------.
(A) positive (B) positively (C) position (D) posit
Q6の解答・解説を見る
- (B) positively → 副詞。補語にはなれない
- (C) position → 名詞。「フィードバック = ポジション」では意味が通らない
- (D) posit → 動詞。has been posit は文法的に不成立
S[Customer feedback (regarding the updated mobile application)] V[has been] C[overwhelmingly positive].
S[Customer feedback] V[has been] C[positive]
Q7. The board requested that the financial department prepare a ------- report on third-quarter earnings before the shareholders’ meeting.
(A) detail (B) detailed (C) detailing (D) detailedly
Q7の解答・解説を見る
- (A) detail → 名詞/動詞。a detail report は文法的に不自然
- (C) detailing → 動詞のing形。a detailing report では「報告書が詳述している」という能動の意味になり不自然
- (D) detailedly → 副詞。名詞を修飾できない
S[The board] V[requested] (that the financial department prepare a detailed report (on third-quarter earnings) (before the shareholders’ meeting)).
S[The board] V[requested]
Q8. The safety inspection confirmed that working conditions at the manufacturing plant remain ------- with national regulations.
(A) compliance (B) comply (C) compliantly (D) compliant
Q8の解答・解説を見る
- (A) compliance → 名詞。remain compliance は文法的に不自然（remain＋形容詞が正しい）
- (B) comply → 動詞。remain comply は文法的に不成立
- (C) compliantly → 副詞。補語にはなれない
S[The safety inspection] V[confirmed] (that working conditions (at the manufacturing plant) remain compliant (with national regulations)).
S[The safety inspection] V[confirmed]
Q9. Applicants must provide ------- documentation of their professional certifications when submitting their employment applications.
(A) verifiable (B) verify (C) verification (D) verifiably
Q9の解答・解説を見る
- (B) verify → 動詞。名詞の前に動詞の原形は置けない
- (C) verification → 名詞。verification documentation は名詞＋名詞で不自然
- (D) verifiably → 副詞。名詞を修飾できない
S[Applicants] V[must provide] verifiable documentation (of their professional certifications) (when submitting their employment applications).
S[Applicants] V[must provide]
Q10. The proposed budget for the upcoming fiscal year appears ------- given the current economic conditions.
(A) reason (B) reasonably (C) reasonable (D) reasoning
Q10の解答・解説を見る
- (A) reason → 名詞。appears reason は文法的に不成立
- (B) reasonably → 副詞。補語にはなれない
- (D) reasoning → 名詞/動詞のing形。appears reasoning は不自然
S[The proposed budget (for the upcoming fiscal year)] V[appears] C[reasonable] (given the current economic conditions).
S[The proposed budget] V[appears] C[reasonable]
Q11. Henderson Consulting has developed a highly ------- approach to resolving workplace conflicts between departments.
(A) effect (B) effective (C) effectively (D) effectiveness
Q11の解答・解説を見る
- (A) effect → 名詞。a highly effect approach は不自然
- (C) effectively → 副詞。名詞を修飾できない
- (D) effectiveness → 名詞。a highly effectiveness approach は不自然
S[Henderson Consulting] V[has developed] a highly effective approach (to resolving workplace conflicts (between departments)).
S[Henderson Consulting] V[has developed]
Q12. The factory’s newly installed equipment is ------- of processing over five thousand units per hour.
(A) capability (B) capably (C) capacitate (D) capable
Q12の解答・解説を見る
- (A) capability → 名詞。is capability of は文法的に不自然
- (B) capably → 副詞。補語にはなれない
- (C) capacitate → 動詞。is capacitate は文法的に不成立
S[The factory’s newly installed equipment] V[is] C[capable] (of processing over five thousand units (per hour)).
S[The factory’s newly installed equipment] V[is] C[capable]
Q13. The regional manager praised the sales team for achieving ------- results during the traditionally slow summer quarter.
(A) impress (B) impressive (C) impressively (D) impression
Q13の解答・解説を見る
- (A) impress → 動詞。名詞の前に動詞の原形は置けない
- (C) impressively → 副詞。名詞を修飾できない
- (D) impression → 名詞。impression results は名詞＋名詞で不自然
S[The regional manager] V[praised] the sales team (for achieving impressive results (during the traditionally slow summer quarter)).
S[The regional manager] V[praised]
Q14. It is ------- that all participants register at least two weeks before the annual industry conference begins.
(A) essentially (B) essentialness (C) essential (D) essence
Q14の解答・解説を見る
- (A) essentially → 副詞。It is essentially that は文法的に不成立
- (B) essentialness → 名詞。It is essentialness that は不自然
- (D) essence → 名詞。It is essence that は不自然
V[It is] C[essential] (that all participants register (at least two weeks) (before the annual industry conference begins)).
S[It] V[is] C[essential]
Q15. Beacon Technologies made a ------- investment in renewable energy research to reduce its carbon emissions over the next decade.
(A) substance (B) substantially (C) substantiate (D) substantial
Q15の解答・解説を見る
- (A) substance → 名詞。a substance investment は不自然
- (B) substantially → 副詞。名詞を修飾できない
- (C) substantiate → 動詞。冠詞と名詞の間には入らない
S[Beacon Technologies] V[made] a substantial investment (in renewable energy research) (to reduce its carbon emissions (over the next decade)).
S[Beacon Technologies] V[made]
Q16. The director emphasized that maintaining ------- communication between departments is the key to completing projects on schedule.
(A) consistency (B) consistent (C) consistently (D) consist
Q16の解答・解説を見る
- (A) consistency → 名詞。consistency communication は名詞＋名詞で不自然
- (C) consistently → 副詞。名詞を修飾できない
- (D) consist → 動詞。名詞の前に動詞の原形は置けない
S[The director] V[emphasized] (that maintaining consistent communication (between departments) is the key (to completing projects (on schedule))).
S[The director] V[emphasized]
Q17. The results of the customer survey were quite ------- and will require the marketing team to rethink its current strategy.
(A) surprisingly (B) surprised (C) surprising (D) surprise
Q17の解答・解説を見る
- (A) surprisingly → 副詞。補語にはなれない
- (B) surprised → 形容詞だが、「結果が驚いている」は不自然。surprised は人の感情に使う
- (D) surprise → 名詞/動詞。were surprise は文法的に不成立
S[The results (of the customer survey)] V[were] C[quite surprising] and V[will require] the marketing team to rethink its current strategy.
S[The results] V[were] C[surprising]
Q18. The human resources department is looking for ------- individuals who can adapt quickly to changing business environments.
(A) flexibility (B) flexible (C) flexibly (D) flex
Q18の解答・解説を見る
- (A) flexibility → 名詞。flexibility individuals は名詞＋名詞で不自然
- (C) flexibly → 副詞。名詞を修飾できない
- (D) flex → 動詞。名詞の前に動詞の原形は置けない
S[The human resources department] V[is looking] (for flexible individuals (who can adapt quickly (to changing business environments))).
S[The human resources department] V[is looking]
Q19. Despite the challenging market conditions, the company’s quarterly profits remained ------- throughout the entire fiscal year.
(A) stability (B) stably (C) stabilize (D) stable
Q19の解答・解説を見る
- (A) stability → 名詞。remained stability は文法的に不自然
- (B) stably → 副詞。補語にはなれない
- (C) stabilize → 動詞。remained stabilize は文法的に不成立
(Despite the challenging market conditions), S[the company’s quarterly profits] V[remained] C[stable] (throughout the entire fiscal year).
S[the company’s quarterly profits] V[remained] C[stable]
Q20. The newly appointed vice president seems extremely ------- about implementing the organizational restructuring plan next quarter.
(A) confidently (B) confidence (C) confide (D) confident
Q20の解答・解説を見る
- (A) confidently → 副詞。補語にはなれない
- (B) confidence → 名詞。seems extremely confidence は文法的に不自然
- (C) confide → 動詞。seems confide は文法的に不成立
S[The newly appointed vice president] V[seems] C[extremely confident] (about implementing the organizational restructuring plan (next quarter)).
S[The newly appointed vice president] V[seems] C[confident]