なぜやるか

Part7の長い文書（お知らせ・レポート・250語前後）では、複数段落にわたって情報が散らばるため、「どの段落に何の情報があるか」を段落単位で管理しながら読む力が必要です。語彙問題では「文脈の中での意味」、文挿入問題では「前後の論理的つながり」が問われます。このLesson 19を終えると、長い文書を段落マップとして把握しながら設問に答えられるようになります。

やり方

段落マップを作る

各段落を読む前に：
1. 段落の1文目（トピックセンテンス）だけ先に読む
2. 「この段落は何について？」を一言でメモする
3. 設問が求める情報がどの段落にあるか見当をつける

語彙問題の解き方

その単語だけで意味を決めない。
→ 前後の文脈（1〜2文）を読んで意味を判断する
→ 選択肢を入れ替えて文意が通るか確認する

実戦問題

次の文書を読んで、設問に答えましょう。

Questions 1–5 refer to the following report.

Averton Corporate Headquarters
Quarterly Sustainability Report — Q3

Overview

Averton Inc. has made significant progress toward its sustainability targets during the third quarter of this fiscal year. Total carbon emissions were reduced by eleven percent compared to the same period last year, primarily due to the expanded use of renewable energy sources across our manufacturing facilities.

Energy Initiatives

The installation of solar panels at our three largest production sites was completed in August. These installations are expected to generate approximately thirty percent of the energy required at each facility. In addition, the company has partnered with a local utility provider to purchase wind energy credits covering the remainder of its electricity needs at those sites.

Waste Reduction

Our waste diversion rate — the percentage of waste redirected from landfills through recycling or composting — reached sixty-eight percent this quarter, up from fifty-four percent in Q2. This improvement was largely the result of a new composting initiative launched in July, which has been well received by employees at all locations.

Looking Ahead

Averton will continue to invest in renewable energy and waste management programs in Q4. The company is also exploring the feasibility of installing electric vehicle charging stations at its five regional office complexes. A formal proposal is expected to be submitted to the board by the end of October.

Q1. What is the main purpose of this report?

(A) To summarize the company’s sustainability progress during a specific period
(B) To request approval for a new environmental policy
(C) To announce the opening of a new manufacturing facility
(D) To introduce a partnership with a renewable energy company

Q2. According to the report, what was completed in August?

(A) The launch of a new composting program
(B) The submission of a proposal to the board
(C) The installation of solar panels at three production sites
(D) The signing of a contract with a wind energy provider

Q3. What does the report indicate about the waste diversion rate?

(A) It declined slightly compared to the previous quarter.
(B) It increased from fifty-four percent to sixty-eight percent.
(C) It is expected to reach eighty percent by the end of Q4.
(D) It is calculated based on the total weight of materials recycled.

Q4. What is Averton currently exploring?

(A) Building a new composting facility near its headquarters
(B) Replacing its manufacturing equipment with energy-efficient models
(C) Expanding its solar panel installations to additional office sites
(D) Installing electric vehicle charging stations at regional offices

Q5. The word “feasibility” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to

(A) popularity　(B) necessity　(C) practicality　(D) profitability

正解一覧

パッセージ構造分析 + 日本語訳

Overview

Averton Inc. has made significant progress (toward its sustainability targets)
(during the third quarter) (of this fiscal year).

S = Averton Inc.
V = has made
O = significant progress
( ) = toward its sustainability targets / during the third quarter / of this fiscal year

→ Averton Inc.は今会計年度の第3四半期において、サステナビリティ目標に向けて大きな前進を遂げました。

Total carbon emissions were reduced (by eleven percent) [compared (to the same period)
(last year),] primarily (due to the expanded use) (of renewable energy sources)
(across our manufacturing facilities).

S = Total carbon emissions
V = were reduced
( ) = by eleven percent ← どれだけ
[ ] = compared to the same period last year ← 比較の分詞句
( ) = primarily due to the expanded use of renewable energy sources across our manufacturing facilities ← 理由

→ 総炭素排出量は主に製造施設全体での再生可能エネルギーの活用拡大により、前年同期比で11%削減されました。

Energy Initiatives

The installation (of solar panels) (at our three largest production sites)
was completed (in August).

S = The installation
( ) = of solar panels / at our three largest production sites
V = was completed
( ) = in August

→ 主要3生産拠点への太陽光パネルの設置は8月に完了しました。

These installations are expected to generate approximately thirty percent
(of the energy) [required (at each facility)].

S = These installations
V = are expected
O（不定詞）= to generate approximately thirty percent
( ) = of the energy ← thirty percentを修飾
[ ] = required at each facility ← energyを修飾

→ これらの設備は、各施設で必要なエネルギーの約30%を発電する見込みです。

Waste Reduction

Our waste diversion rate — {the percentage (of waste) [redirected (from landfills)
(through recycling or composting)]} — reached sixty-eight percent (this quarter,)
up (from fifty-four percent) (in Q2).

S = Our waste diversion rate
{ } = the percentage of waste redirected from landfills through recycling or composting ← 同格
V = reached
O = sixty-eight percent

→ 当社の廃棄物流用率（リサイクルや堆肥化によって埋め立て地から転換された廃棄物の割合）は今四半期68%に達し、第2四半期の54%から上昇しました。

Looking Ahead

The company is also exploring the feasibility (of installing electric vehicle
charging stations) (at its five regional office complexes).

S = The company
V = is exploring
O = the feasibility
( ) = of installing electric vehicle charging stations ← feasibilityを修飾
( ) = at its five regional office complexes ← installingを修飾

→ また同社は、5つの地域オフィスへのEV充電ステーション設置の実現可能性についても検討しています。

A formal proposal is expected (to be submitted) (to the board) (by the end) (of October).

S = A formal proposal
V = is expected
( ) = to be submitted / to the board / by the end / of October

→ 正式な提案書は10月末までに取締役会に提出される予定です。